在电子防盗探测器领域，被动红外探测器的应用非常广泛，因其价格低廉、技术性能稳定而受到广大用户和专业人士的欢迎。 In the area of electronic security detectors, passive infrared detector is widely used because of their low cost, technical performance and stability of by users and professionals welcome. 但随着入侵者的反侦测技术手段的提高，从而对探头的要求也越来越高，普通被动红外探头的局限性也越来越明显，这样，新一代的被动红外探头也应运而生。 But with the anti - intruder detection techniques improved, thus probe the increasingly high demands, ordinary passive infrared probe also increasingly obvious limitations, so that a new generation of passive infrared probe also emerged. 例如加拿大的PARADOX SUCURITY SYSTEMS LTD的枫叶牌探头采用了很多最新技术，使用也较为广泛。 For example, Canada's PARADOX SUCURITY SYSTEMS LTD licensing probe by the Maple Leafs a lot latest technology, also used more widely. 所以，下面就结合该产品的技术特性来阐述被动红外探头的最新技术。 Therefore, the combination of the following products on the technical characteristics of passive infrared probe on the latest technology.

    被动红外探头的工作原理及特性 Passive infrared probe of the working principle and

      被动红外探头是靠探测人体发射的红外线而进行工作的。 Passive infrared detection probe is on the infrared emission and body to work. 探头收集外界的红外辐射通过聚集到红外感应源上。 Outside probe collected infrared radiation through infrared sensors to gather sources. 红外感应源通常采用热释电元件，这种元件在接收了红外辐射温度发生变化时就会向外释放电荷，检测处理后产生报警。 Infrared sensors commonly used source of pyroelectric devices, such components in receiving the infrared radiation temperature changes in the field, we will release charge, the police have detected after treatment.

    1)这种探头是以探测人体辐射为目标的。 1) Such human radiation detection probe is targeting. 所以辐射敏感元件对波长为10UM左右的红外辐射必须敏感。 So right wavelength radiation sensitive components for 10UM about to be sensitive to infrared radiation.

    2)为了仅仅对人体的红外辐射敏感，在它的辐射照面通常覆盖有特殊的滤光片，使环境的干扰受 2) to be a mere human right infrared radiation sensitive, in its radiation usually face covered with a special filter to environmental interference by the

到明显的控制作用。 The obvious control.

    3)被动红外探头，其传感器包含两个互相串联或并联的热释电元。 3) passive infrared detector, the sensor includes two serial or parallel each other pyroelectric yuan. 而且制成的两个电极化方向正 But two electrodes made of the direction of being

好相反，环境背景辐射对两个热释元件几乎具有相同的作用，使其产生释电效应相互抵消，于是探测器无信号输出。 Good contrary, environmental background radiation on almost two pyroelectric devices have the same role to produce a pyroelectric effect of offset each other, so no detector signal output.

    4)一旦人侵入探测区域内，人体红外辐射通过部分镜面聚焦，并被热释电元接收，但是两片热释 4) Once the people within the region intrusion detection, infrared radiation through the body part focusing mirror, and was pyroelectric yuan receiver, but two pyroelectric

电元接收到的热量不同，热释电也不同，不能抵消，经信号处理而报警。 Electric heat yuan receive different pyroelectric different, not offset by the signal processing and alarm.

    5)多视场的获得，一是多法线小镜面组成的反光聚焦，聚光到传感器上称之为反射式光学系统。 5) As more market access, and more normal First composed of small reflective mirror focus, concentrating on the sensor called reflective optical system.

另一种是透射式光学系统，是多面组合一起的透镜——菲尼尔透镜聚焦在红外传感器上。 The other is transmissive optical system is a combination of the multi-faceted lens - modafinil lens focused on the infrared sensor.

    6)在这里要指出的是被动红外的几束光表示有几个视场，并非被动红外发红外光，视场越多，控 6) The point here is a passive infrared light beam that several Several field of view, not passive infrared infrared light, depending on market more control

制越严密。 More rigorous system.

    被动红外探头的优缺点： Passive infrared probe the advantages and disadvantages:

    优点：本身不发任何类型的辐射，器件功耗很小，隐蔽性好。 Advantages: not in itself of any type of radiation, small power devices, is good for hiding. 价格低廉。 Low prices.

    缺点： Disadvantages:

    ◆容易受各种热源、光源干扰 • susceptible to various sources of heat, light interference

    ◆被动红外穿透力差，人体的红外辐射容易被遮挡，不易被探头接收。 • passive infrared penetration is poor, the human body easily block the infrared radiation not be receiving probe.

    ◆易受射频辐射的干扰。 • vulnerable to radio frequency radiation interference.

    ◆环境温度和人体温度接近时，探测和灵敏度明显下降，有时造成短时失灵。 • temperature and body temperature approached, detection sensitivity and decreased significantly, sometimes resulting in short-term failure.

    被动红外探测新技术说明 Passive infrared detection of new technical note

    下面针对上述的被动红外探测器的缺点，结合PARADOX枫叶的红外探测技术，进行详细分析。 Following the above shortcomings passive infrared detector, combining PARADOX Maple Leaf infrared detection technology for detailed analysis. 通过对其缺点分析发现，我们实际上可以解决误报和探测下降甚至失灵的问题： Through its analysis of defects found, we actually can be resolved in detecting false positives and even failures:

    1、误报问题 1, issue of misinformation

    为了降低误报率，只要排除误报的因素就可以。 To reduce false positives, as long as the exclusion factors can be misleading.

    误报的因素可以分为两类： Misinformation factors can be divided into two categories:

    外界的因素: External factors:

    ● 外界的热光源（尤其是白光光源）：如阳光、照明光源等; The external heat source (especially white light source): If sunlight illuminate;

    ● 外界的射频信号。 The external RF signal.

    内部因素: Internal factors:

    ●内部由于器件等的噪声和干扰，如光热释感应器的信号瞬变等。 The internal device such as noise and interference, such as optical pyroelectric sensor signal and transient.

    针对以上情况，枫叶公司的新一带红外探头、采用一些独特的技术来解决此类问题。 Against the above, in Maple Leaf's new infrared detector, using some unique techniques to solve such problems.

    信号出/入分析 The signal / income analysis

    当有物体走入或走出一个探测区段时，在反极性探测感应器上会产生两个极性相反的信号，这种 When objects into or out of a detection section, in anti-polarity detection sensors, will have two polar opposite signal,

出/入信号的能量将被独立分析并储存在内存记忆内。 A / signal to the energy independence will be analyzed and stored in memory memory.  只有在一段特定的时间内，当两个感应器上都收集到足够的出/入能量时才会触发警报。 Only in a specific time frame, when two sensors are collected on a sufficient / energy only when the trigger alert.

    其优点： “信号出/入分析”能超乎想象地提高探头对气流、随机噪音及发热器的抗干扰能力。 Its advantages: "Signals from / into the analysis" beyond imagination can improve the flow probe, random noise and heat of the anti-jamming capability.

如再加上“四源红外反极性探测”，能使探头具有超卓的抗干扰能力，是现今市场上最优秀的产品。 As with the "four-polarity detecting infrared source," can probe outstanding anti-jamming capability, the market today is the best product.

    四源红外反极性探测(专利) Four anti-polarity detection of infrared (patents)

    探头内置两个红外感应器,移动信号会使两个感应器产生两个极性相反的信号；而非移动信号(射 Probe built two infrared sensors, mobile sensor signal will have two two polar opposite signal; Instead of moving signals (radio

频、电磁、火花、静电等干扰),则使两个感应器产生两个极性相同的信号。 The frequency, electromagnetic, Sparks, electrostatic interference), the two sensors have two polar same signal. 利用此原理便可准确无误地区分移动和非移动信号。 The accuracy of this principle can be used in the mobile and non-mobile signal.

    其优点： Its advantages:

    1.应用此技术所获得抗干扰能力是传统的滤波及屏蔽技术所无法相比的； 1. The application of this technology to anti-jamming capability is the traditional shielding and filtering technology can match;

    2.具有超卓的防小动物能力。 2. Outstanding defense capability of small animals.

    自动脉冲数调节(美国专利号:5077-549 加拿大专利号:1-302-541) Pulse several automatic adjustment (United States Patent No. :5077-549 Canadian Patent No.: 1-302 - 541)

    所有枫叶牌探头都有此先进功能。 Maple Leaf card has all the advanced features probe. “自动脉冲数调节”能检测每个红外信号能量的大小，然后把 "Automatic Adjustment pulses" that can detect infrared signal energy of each size, and then

数据储存在内存记忆内。 探头能自动根据内存记忆内的能量水平改变工作模式： Probe RAM memory automatically under the energy level changes in work mode:

    1、当能量水平高时(此时误报的机率较低)，使用低脉冲数模式， 功能跟一般非脉冲数调节探头 One, when high energy level (at a lower probability of false positives), the use of low pulse mode functionality with the general regulation of non - pulsed probe

一样。 Like.

    2、当能量水平低时(误报的机率较高)， 使用高脉冲数模式(最高可达25个脉冲)，可有效防止误 Two, when low energy levels (higher probability of false positives), the use of high-pulse mode (up to 25 pulses), which can effectively prevent accidental

报的发生。 At happen.

    优点：有效防止误报而不降低灵敏度。 Advantages: effectively prevent false positives without reducing sensitivity.

    2、探测能力的降低 2, the decrease in the ability of detection

    探测能力下降可以分为几个方面： Detection decline can be divided into several areas:

    探测器各探测试场分布不合理：如空隙过大，探测器被遮挡，如被泡沫、烟雾（入侵者经常使用 The detectors detect unreasonable distribution centers: If the gap is too large detector was obscured, if the bubble, smoke (intruders often use

的手段）、纸、衣物等。 Means), paper, clothing. 由于体温和环境差别不大，造成探测能力下降。 Because of the temperature difference between the environment and little ability to detect a decline.  针对以上情况，加拿大PARADOX枫叶公司采用以下方法来解决问题。 Against the above, the Canadian Maple Leaf PARADOX companies in the following ways to solve the problem.

    高质 LODIF 段式 FRESNEL 透镜 (专利) Quality LODIF struts FRESNEL lens (patent)

    无论是清色度，准确度及聚焦能力各方面均比传统的FRESNEL透镜高出30%。 Regardless of the color-accuracy and the ability to focus in the traditional FRESNEL than 30% higher than the lens. 透镜材料采用高质抗白光干扰物料制造，并采用分段式设计。 High quality lens material using anti-interference white material, and using sub-design.

    优点： Advantages:

    1. 能有效地收集人体发出的能量； 1. The human body can be effectively collected by energy;

    2. 消除死位； 2. Elimination of death;

    3. 高抗白光干扰能力。 3. High resistance to white interference.

    微波防遮挡功能 (专利) Microwave-blocking features (patents)

    只要有任何遮挡物在探头一米距离内移动,便会马上触发警报。 As long as there is any blocking of the probe within one meter distance mobile, it will immediately trigger the alarm.

    优点：可有效防止闯入者以物件遮挡探头，使探头失去作用。 Advantages: can effectively prevent intruders with an object blocking the probe, the probe lost role.

    主动微波自我检测功能 (美国专利号 5-287-111) Active Microwave self-detection function (United States Patent No. 5-287-111)

    微波发射器每隔3分钟便自我检测一次， 而自我检测是不需通过移动物体触发。 Microwave transmitters every three minutes a self-detection, and self-testing is not triggered by mobile objects. 如发现故障，故 If found fault, it

障开关便马上被触发。 Impaired switch will be triggered immediately.

    优点：可确保探头工作正常，万一发生故障亦可及时更换。 Advantages: probe to ensure normal work, if a fault can be timely replacement.

    交叠式红外源(ISG)(专利) Overlapping IR source (ISG) (patents)

    传统的四源红外设计在探测远距离物体时灵敏度会降低, 这是因为人体在远距离时不会同时通过 Four of the traditional design of infrared remote objects in the detection sensitivity will be reduced, because the body will not be through distance

上下两个红外源, 所以便造成灵敏度降低甚至失灵。 All two infrared source, there is a lower sensitivity and even failure. 枫叶牌专利的"交叠式红外源"能有效地解决此问 Maple Leaf licensing patented "overlap-infrared source" can effectively resolve the question

题 That

    优点： Advantages:

    1.有效地解决远距离灵敏度降低及温度上升距离缩短的问题； 1. An effective solution to reduce the distance and temperature sensitivity by shortening the distance;

    2.可把距离提高至传统设计的二倍； 2. The distance can be increased to twice the traditional design;

    3.简化调试过程。 3. To simplify debugging process.

    自动温度补偿 Automatic temperature compensation

    “自动温度补偿”能自动调节放大器功率的大小来平衡因温度变化引起的灵敏度变化现像。 "Automatic Temperature Compensation" power amplifier can automatically adjust the size to balance because of the sensitivity caused by the change of temperature changes are like.

    优点: 使探头在整段工作温度区内都有稳定的灵敏度。 Advantages: probe to the whole of the region have stable temperature sensitivity.

    3、其他一些新技术应用 Three other new technology applications

    ●实时数字处理功能 The real-time digital processing functions

    ●移动技术 • Mobile Technology

    ●背景分析 The background analysis

    ●射频/电磁干扰保护 The RF / EMI protection

    ●完备的电压控制    • Complete control voltage